Consisting of multiple players who seek to optimize their respective interests, supply chains are canonical complex systems. Along with the development of economic globalization and fierce competition, more attention has been paid by nations to new issues regarding energy saving, carbon emission, and environmental protections. Some new features, such as globalization, serviceability, and “greenness”, have created great challenges to the management of supply chains. Based on a brief overview of the current research in the field of supply chain management, the article provides an indepth investigation on the new issues involved in supply chain management, and proposes several important directions for future research in this area. These include the behavioral patterns of supply chain players (i.e., customers, enterprise decisionmakers, and governmental departments), integrated optimization of supply chain management and other functional areas (e.g., marketing, finance), service supply chain management, cooperative and noncooperative games among multiple players in the supply chain, and datadriven supply chain management.