Aiming at the production system where the mean value of product quality characteristics was shifted due to abnormal production, a preventive maintenance strategy was proposed by considering the combination of equipment status and preventive maintenance cycle. Using the mean value control chart to monitor the product quality to judge the status of the machine and equipment, the total cost of sampling costs, maintenance costs, quality loss costs and downtime loss costs was considered under different equipment update conditions. Taking the minimum expected total cost as the objective function, the preventive maintenance period and the parameters of the mean control chart (sample size, sampling interval, and control coefficient) were used as decision variables to establish a model. The differential evolution algorithm was used to solve the model to verify the feasibility, and the sensitivity analysis method was used to verify the validity of the decision-making model. The decision model that combined product quality and preventive maintenance was more in line with the actual situation of the production system and improved the economic benefits of the production system.