In order to realize the high precision state estimation of battery, the basic performance experiments of LiFePO₄ battery were carried out at four different temperatures. At the same time, an experimental method is designed to obtain the open circuit voltage of the full state of charge (SOC) range under variable temperature conditions, which provided data support for the establishment of the second-order RC battery model considering temperature factors and the parameter sensitivity analysis. In addition, using the test data of hybrid pulse power characterization at different temperatures, the accurate model parameters at different temperatures were identified based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of each parameter in the established battery model was carried out based on the one factor of a time method. The analysis results can be used for reference for parameter identification and state estimation considering temperature.