Injectable bioactive ceramics not only have good biocompatibility, but also promote osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis. Hydroxyapatite (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂, HA) is the main component of human bone. Uniform calcium silicate (CaSiO₃, CS) microspheres with a diameter of about 480 μm were successfully prepared using microfluidic technology, and they were used as precursors to prepare silicon-containing hydroxyapatite microspheres (Si-nHA) with nanowire structures in an aqueous solution of trisodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄) by hydrothermal treatment for 24 h. The nanowire had a diameter of about 100～200 nm and a length of about 1～2 μm. The specific surface area of Si-nHA microspheres was 7.78 m²/g, which was much higher than that of pure HA microspheres (0.08 m²/g). The high specific surface area resulted in more excellent protein loading and sustained release performance of Si-nHA microspheres. At the same time, Si ions released by Si-nHA could significantly promote the proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and the expression of related osteogenic (OPN, OCN) and angiogenic genes (ANG-1). The results show that Si-nHA microspheres have good application prospects in the field of minimally invasive bone repair.