To reduce the consumption of associated gas and electricity in crude oil heating systems and decrease carbon emissions, a solar crude oil heating system was developed to achieve efficient energy utilization. Based on system performance requirements and meteorological data from the Daqing Oilfield, component selection parameters were determined, and a detailed operational strategy was formulated. Using the transient system simulation program (TRNSYS), an hourly simulation analysis of the system's energy utilization characteristics was conducted over a year. Results indicate that the system can fully utilize solar heating from late spring to early autumn. Compared to traditional crude oil heating systems, the annual comprehensive energy consumption decreases by 46.76%, CO₂ emissions reduce by 70.70 t. Through economic analysis and calculation，static and dynamic initial investment recovery periods of the system is 6.09 and 7.55 years respectively, the energy cost per unit is 0.86 yuan·kW^–1·h^–1, and the overall system efficiency is 89.77%. The solar-powered crude oil heating system not only significantly reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions but also demonstrates favorable economic benefits, providing theoretical and technical support for sustainable development in the petroleum industry.