Power lithium batteries, as the core components of electric vehicles, their performance is significantly influenced by ambient temperature. Under extreme high and low temperature conditions, the batteries not only suffer from performance degradation but also face severe challenges related to thermal safety and lifespan. A study was conducted on the challenge of adapting power lithium-ion batteries to extreme temperature ranges, and the factors affecting the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery pack were discussed, and corresponding control strategies were proposed. For high-temperature environments, by changing the fluid Reynolds number, the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery are kept within a reasonable range, and the cooling hydraulic pressure drop is minimized as much as possible; for low-temperature environments, variable Reynolds number strategy and delayed heating strategy are proposed to effectively reduce battery preheating time and optimize battery temperature uniformity.